|
(also known as ''Hayashi Fukusai'') was an Edo period scholar-diplomat serving the Tokugawa Shogunate in a variety of roles similar to those performed by serial Hayashi clan neo-Confucianists since the time of Tokugawa Ieyasu. He was the hereditary ''Daigaku-no-kami'' descendant of Hayashi Razan, the first head of the Tokugawa shogunate's neo-Confucian academy in Edo, the ''Shōhei-kō'' (''Yushima Seidō'').〔Screech, Timon. (2006). ''Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822,'' p. 65.〕 ==Academician== Hayashi ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Akira was a member of the Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars, each of whom were ''ad hoc'' personal advisers to the shogun's prominent figures in the educational training system for the shogunal bureaucrats. The progenitor of this lineage of scholars was Hayashi Razan, who lived to witness his philosophical and pragmatic reasoning become a foundation for the dominant ideology of the ''bakufu'' until the end of the 19th century. This evolution developed in part from the official Hayashi ''schema'' equating samurai with the cultured governing class (although the samurai were largely illiterate at the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate). The Hayashi helped to legitimize the role of the militaristic ''bakufu'' at the beginning of its existence. His philosophy is also important in that it encouraged the samurai class to cultivate themselves, a trend which would become increasingly widespread over the course of his lifetime and beyond. One of Razan's aphorism encapsulates this view: :::"No true learning without arms and no true arms without learning."〔Blomberg, Catherina. (1999). ''The Heart of the Warrior,'' p. 158.〕 The Hayashi played a prominent role is helping to maintain the theoretical underpinnings of the Tokugawa regime; and Hayashi ''Daigaku-no-kami'' Akira was the 11th hereditary rector of ''Yushima Seidō''.〔Beasley, William G. (1955). ''Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868,'' p. 332.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hayashi Akira」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|